Friday, March 4, 2011

Half-Century of Conflict Backdrop to Alan Gross Trial

CUBA-US

Half-Century of Conflict Backdrop to Alan Gross Trial
By Dalia Acosta

HAVANA, Mar 4, 2011 (IPS) - More than 50 years of conflict between Cuba
and the United States, and in particular Washington's consistent support
for dissidents in this Caribbean island nation, will leave their mark on
the trial of U.S. citizen Alan Gross that began this Friday.

Gross was arrested Dec. 3, 2009 when he was attempting to return to the
U.S. after his fifth visit to Cuba in nine months. He is accused of acts
against the independence and integrity of Cuba, punishable by up to 20
years imprisonment.

The 61-year-old U.S. citizen works for Development Alternatives Inc.
(DAI), based in Bethesda, Maryland, near Washington DC, which carries
out development work in other countries. At the time of his arrest he
was a subcontractor for the United States Agency for International
Development (USAID).

As well as alleged involvement in spying, Cuban sources have maintained
for months that Gross illegally brought in satellite communications
equipment to hand over to internal dissident groups, as part of a
programme financed by USAID.

"He violated Cuban laws and national sovereignty and has committed
crimes which in the United States carry heavy sentences," Ricardo
Alarcón, president of the Cuban parliament, said Dec. 10.

Officials in the government of U.S. President Barack Obama and Gross's
defence attorney, however, insist that the contractor was on the island
to help the small Cuban Jewish community connect to the Internet, which
they say is a global right.

"We have made it very clear to the Cuban government that the continued
detention of Alan Gross is a major impediment to advancing the dialogue
between our two countries," U.S. State Department spokesman Philip J.
Crowley said Dec. 3.

A possible swap of Gross for one or more of the five Cuban agents
convicted of espionage and serving sentences in the United States, but
regarded as anti-terrorism fighters by Havana, was apparently also ruled
out by both sides in mid-2010.

Leaders of the Jewish community and of the Cuban Council of Churches
denied any contact with the U.S. contractor. Meanwhile, Washington
devoted 2.6 million dollars to Gross's defence, out of its 20 million
dollar 2010 budget for supporting democracy on the island.

"Gross was not arrested because he is Jewish," said Arturo López-Levy, a
Cuban lecturer at the University of Denver, Colorado. Jewish delegations
from the United States travel regularly to Cuba, and many of them "have
donated computers and cellphones to Cuban Jews," he said.

"But none of these groups has a declared strategy of imposing regime
change in Cuba through laws approved by the U.S. Congress," he added,
calling for a review of programmes to promote a political transition in
Cuba, inherited from the administration of George W. Bush (2001-2009).

The Cuban Democracy Act, approved by the U.S. Congress in 1992,
authorised financial assistance to individuals and organisations working
for "non-violent democratic change" in this socialist country.

According to Cuban-American lawyer José Pertierra, after Bush took
office "the budget for fomenting an opposition in Cuban society allied
to the interests of Miami (where most Cuban exiles live) and the White
House increased astronomically, from 3.5 million dollars in 2000 to 45
million in 2008."

Local observers speculate that the key issue now could be Cuba's
interest in demonstrating links between dissidents and Washington. In
the view of government authorities, the opposition in Cuba exists only
because of financial and logistical support from the United States.

Perhaps the same reason might underlie the Feb. 26 broadcast of the
story of two Cuban state security agents who for years infiltrated
opposition groups like the National Commission for Human Rights and
National Reconciliation, and the Ladies in White.

A documentary screened on national television went beyond the personal
experiences of Moisés Rodríguez and Carlos Manuel Serpa to delve into
the permanent links between dissident groups and the U.S. Interests
Section in Havana, and how U.S. funds and other material aid enter the
country and are distributed among them.

The Cuban agents expressed the view that obtaining money and a refugee
visa are the main motives for dissidents to become involved in what the
Cuban government regards as mercenary activities.

In addition to direct cash transfers, the government views international
prizes awarded to dissident groups as another form of financing, like
those received by the Ladies in White, a group of women who since 2003
have organised protests on behalf of their imprisoned husbands, or Yoani
Sánchez, author of the Generation Y blog.

http://ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=54718

American aid worker's trial begins in Cuba

American aid worker's trial begins in Cuba
From Shasta Darlington, CNN
March 4, 2011 -- Updated 1955 GMT (0355 HKT)

STORY HIGHLIGHTS
* Cuba says Alan Gross imported illegal satellite equipment
* He is charged with acts against Cuba's independence
* The U.S. says Gross was helping the Jewish community improve
communications
* He could face up to 20 years in prison if found guilty

Havana, Cuba (CNN) -- American government contractor Alan Gross went on
trial in Cuba Friday in a case that appears to have derailed a tentative
rapprochement between the long-estranged countries.

Cuba claims Gross -- a subcontractor for the U.S. Agency for
International Development -- imported illegal satellite equipment to
connect dissidents to the internet. He would face up to 20 years in
prison if found guilty.

The United States says he was helping the Jewish community improve
communications.

Gross on Friday was driven into the private drive of the courthouse,
located in a converted mansion in a residential neighborhood of Havana.
His wife, Judy, arrived on foot. Three U.S. officials also took seats in
the courtroom as observers.

Gross was held for more than a year before Cuban authorities formally
charged him with acts against the country's independence last month.

Judy Gross has appealed to Cuba to release him on humanitarian grounds.

"Alan's 88-year-old mother has just been diagnosed with lung cancer,"
she said in a written statement. "As I deal with that reality and our
26-year-old daughter's recovery from a double mastectomy, I can only
continue to hope for Alan's return and beg the Cuban government to free
Alan."

He "is an incredibly loving father," she noted in a video recording
released shortly after her husband's arrest. "We've been married 40
years. His daughters miss him terribly."

In a December 2009 speech, Cuban President Raul Castro said Gross was
illegally distributing "satellite communications equipment" to dissidents.

"The U.S. government has not renounced its goal of destroying the
revolution," he said. "The enemy is as active as always. Proof of that
is the detention, in the last few days, of an American citizen."

In a video that recently surfaced on the Web and that appears to be a
leaked Cuban intelligence briefing, a speaker accuses Gross of using
satellite phones to set up wi-fi hotspots.

The arrest put relations between the United States and Cuba back in a
deep freeze despite initial signs of a thaw under President Barack Obama.

U.S. officials sharply criticized the charges against Gross after they
were announced last month.

"We deplore the Cuban government's announcement that Cuban prosecutors
intend to seek a 20-year sentence for Mr. Gross," said Gloria Berbena,
public affairs officer for the U.S. diplomatic mission in Havana.

The White House also chimed in, claiming that Gross "has been unjustly
detained and deprived of his liberty."

"Instead of releasing Mr. Gross, so he can come home to his wife and
family, today's decision by Cuban authorities compounds the injustice
suffered by a man helping to increase the free flow of information to,
from and among people," then-White House spokesman Robert Gibbs said in
a statement.

Secretary of State Hillary Clinton told reporters Friday that Gross had
been "unjustly jailed for far too long." He needs to be able to leave
Cuba and return home, she said. This is a matter "of great personal
pain" to his family and concern to the U.S. government.

Foreign diplomats have speculated that Cuba will find Gross guilty, but
could release him fairly quickly on humanitarian grounds.

http://edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/americas/03/04/cuba.jailed.american/index.html?section=cnn_latest

The Right to Defend Rights in Cuba

The Right to Defend Rights in Cuba
March 3, 2011
Fernando Ravsberg

HAVANA TIMES, March 3 - A few days ago a Cuban residing abroad asked in
this blog: "Where did Ravsberg take the photo for his article? – because
there aren't any commercial signs on the streets of Havana."

What I found quite symptomatic was the fact that he didn't recognize the
capital of his own country.

Undoubtedly the changes taking place on the island have "disoriented"
those who insist on assuring that nothing is happening. At times I have
the impression that some fear the reforms more than the immobilism.

This occurs, despite situations as visible as the opening of hotels to
Cubans, the possibility of them now building their own homes, buying
computers and cellphones, or setting up their own business and having
access to Internet in cybercafés.

There are also subtle but no less interesting changes, such as the
publication and sale of copies of the Constitution, the placement of
giant billboards on that topic and even a forum on the Radio Rebelde
website where burning issues were debated.

Cuban legal scholars responded to the participants — residents who were
both on and outside the island — about freedom of travel, the right to
free movement within the country, dual citizenship and the former
prohibition against access to tourist hotels (this was eliminated in 2008).

The forum was something truly novel for Cuba, and not only because the
questions published questioned the constitutional legitimacy of some
measures taken by the Cuban government, but also because of several of
the answers the jurists gave.

One of the participants pointed out the existing contradiction between a
Constitution which holds that a Cuban "may live in any sector, area or
neighborhood of a city" and the government resolution that restricts
migration into Havana.

The answer by attorney Andry Mantilla was that — in this case — the
authorities took "more into account the objective circumstances that
condition the situation than they did their own higher judicial
framework, which should serve to limit them."

My impression is that the jurist is affirming the unconstitutionality of
that government measure. In fact, he subsequently appealed for new
mechanisms and demanded "responsibility in the face of the neglect of
constitutional provisions."

A peculiar debate ensued around the matter of dual citizenship. The
Constitution reads that "when foreign citizenship is acquired, one loses
their Cuban citizenship." However government authorities demand anyone
born in Cuba to travel with a Cuban passport when visiting the island,
despite their having become citizens of another country.

The experts explained that "since there is no a formal pronouncement"
from any institutions, the person will continue being Cuban. What that
means — in this case — is that the "Law of Laws" has no validity because
the authorities refuse to apply it.

Where they detected no contradiction was in the requirement of an exit
permit to leave the country. The scholars emphasized that the
Constitution does not establish it "as a right or freedom (…) therefore
the requirement does not constitute a direct violation of the text."

In any case, they recognized that the obligation produces disaffection
among members of the public and also that the Constitution can be
modified. "The laws respond to the times in which they were approved,
and to the degree in that society changes, these too must adapt."

Andry Mantilla therefore assured that the reform underway "should be
done in consonance with what is provided in the constitutional text,
otherwise an adaptation of that text should be made to then reflect such
changes."

The authorization allowing self-employed workers to hire other workers,
for example, runs head-on with Article 14, which prohibits "man's
exploitation by man" – a phrase that Marxists embrace to argue against
any profiteer who uses wage-labor.

However, I believe that it was attorney Marta Prieto who contributed the
central idea of the debate, disqualifying those who understand
"critiques or complaints against rights as something alien or harmful to
the system, while forgetting that the defense of rights is one of the
most important rights of the human being."

A Havana Times translation of the Spanish original authorized by BBC Mundo.

http://www.havanatimes.org/?p=38957

Clinton Calls for Release of American on Trial in Cuba

Clinton Calls for Release of American on Trial in Cuba
VOA News March 04, 2011

The United States has called on Cuba to release an American contractor
who is going on trial in Havana for allegedly supplying dissidents with
communications equipment.

Speaking to reporters Friday, U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton
said the Cuban government should release Alan Gross "unconditionally"
and allow him to return to his family.

Gross, who has been jailed for more than a year, is going on trial
Friday in Havana to face the charge that he violated the "integrity and
independence of Cuba."

Cuban authorities accuse Gross of bringing communications equipment into
the country to supply Cuban dissident groups. He could face 20 years in
prison if convicted.

The trial is expected to last only a day or two and is closed to the media.

Gross was working for a private firm, Development Alternatives
International, contracted by the U.S. Agency for International
Development (USAID).

The firm says Gross was working on a project to bring Internet
communication equipment to members of Cuba's small Jewish community, and
denies he was working with dissidents. The company has since ceased its
activities in Cuba.

http://www.voanews.com/english/news/americas/Clinton-Calls-for-Release-of-American-on-Trial-in-Cuba-117411308.html

Cuba to free 7 more prisoners, send them into exile in Spain

Cuba to free 7 more prisoners, send them into exile in Spain
By The Associated Press (CP)

HAVANA — The Roman Catholic Church says Cuba will free seven more
prisoners and send them into exile in Spain, along with their families.

None of the men are on a list of five prominent political prisoners that
remain from a 2003 crackdown on dissent, though two were members of
opposition groups. Others were jailed for violent, but politically
motivated acts like hijacking.

Cuba has freed 47 peaceful political prisoners jailed in the 2003 sweep,
as well as about 35 other prisoners arrested separately.

http://www.google.com/hostednews/canadianpress/article/ALeqM5jNetV9HF0tUnAZXwnjOWzIa9kCPg?docId=6143520

Cuba issues more than 113,000 self-employment licenses

Cuba issues more than 113,000 self-employment licenses
Published March 04, 2011
EFE

Havana – More than 113,000 licenses to start businesses were granted in
the first four months of President Raul Castro's push to expand the
scope for self-employment and entrepreneurship, Cuba's official press
said Friday.

"As a result of the new measures in effect since the end of last year
there are 157,371 self-employed workers in the country, a number that
will soon double," Juventud Rebelde newspaper said.

According to the figures, 68 percent of the new private-sector workers
previously had no formal employment.

Some 20 percent of the licenses granted have been for the "preparation
and sale of food," from home deliveries to opening restaurants.

The other most sought-after option is the contracting of workers, with
15 percent, while permits to transport passengers and goods account for
another 6 percent.

Other licenses in demand were those for makers and vendors of household
items, landlords, builders, carpenters and shoemakers.

Since October when the new regulations went into effect to increase
self-employment, 32 percent of the permits awarded have been in Havana,
home to more than a sixth of Cuba's roughly 11 million people.

The expansion and loosening of restrictions on self-employment in Cuba
is being introduced to help make up for jobs eliminated by the massive
lay-offs contemplated for the "inflated" state work forces, one of the
more significant measures of the plan promoted by President Castro.

The so-called "labor readjustment" in state work forces plans to
eliminate 500,000 public-sector jobs, and its implementation was
supposed to begin in January, but the government has acknowledged a
"delay" in the process.

President Castro said last week at a meeting of the Council of Ministers
that the elimination of the bloated state work forces is a measure that
cannot be locked into "inflexible periods of time," adding that the plan
of economic adjustments should not be applied hurriedly or in an
improvised manner because the possibility of mistakes in its
implementation constitutes the "biggest threat" to the revolution.

Castro acknowledged delays in the start of this process, insisted that
the state "will leave no one unprotected," and said it would take five
years to get Cuba's economic reforms up and running.

The Project of Guidelines for the Economic and Social Policy of the
Party and the Revolution, as the plan of reforms is known that was
created to overcome the economic crisis that has afflicted Cuba for
years, will be ratified at the sixth congress of the ruling Communist
Party, set for the second half of April.

The island's only legal political organization last held a general
assembly in 1997.

http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/money/2011/03/04/cuba-issues-113000-self-employment-licenses/

Trial against US contractor starts in Cuba

Posted on Friday, 03.04.11

Trial against US contractor starts in Cuba
By PAUL HAVEN
Associated Press

HAVANA -- A U.S. government contractor went on trial in Cuba on Friday
in a case sure to have a profound impact on relations between the Cold
War enemies.

Alan Gross faces a possible 20-year sentence for "acts against the
integrity and independence" of Cuba. The 61-year-old Maryland native was
working for the Bethesda-based Development Associates International on a
USAID-program that promotes democracy when he was arrested in December 2009.

His family, and U.S. and company officials, say he was bringing
communications equipment to Cuba's 1,500-strong Jewish community. Cuban
Jewish groups deny having anything to do with him, and there was
speculation some Cuban Jewish leaders would testify against him.

Gross's wife, Judy, and lawyer Peter J. Kahn arrived by foot at the
courthouse in a converted residential mansion in Havana's
once-prosperous 10 de Octubre neighborhood, and were later seen sipping
water in the court garden during a midday recess. American consular
officials were also at the court as observers. They did not speak to
reporters, who were kept some distance away across a narrow street.

The trial - closed to the media - is expected to be over in a day or
two, with a verdict announced immediately thereafter. Sentencing, should
Gross be convicted, would likely come about two weeks later.

In Washington, Secretary of State Hillary Rhodium Clinton said the U.S.
government is "deeply concerned" about Gross's fate.

"He has been unjustly jailed for far too long," she said. "We call on
the government of Cuba to release him and unconditionally allow him to
leave Cuba and return to his family, to bring an end to his long ordeal."

The proceedings offer Cuba a chance to highlight Washington-backed
democracy-building efforts like the one Gross was working on, which
Havana says are designed to topple the government.

Washington spends more than $40 million a year on the programs, with
USAID controlling most of that and doling out the work to subcontractors.

Development Associates International, or DAI, was awarded a $4.5 million
contract for the program in which Gross was involved, and Gross
reportedly was paid more than a half-million dollars himself, despite
the fact he spoke little Spanish and had no history working in Cuba.
Gross traveled to the island several times over a short period on a
tourist visa, apparently raising Cuban suspicions.

The programs have also been criticized repeatedly in congressional
reports as being wasteful and ineffective. In March 2010, Sen. John
Kerry, a Democrat from Massachusetts, and Democratic Rep. Howard Berman,
of California - both longtime critics of Washington's 48-year trade
embargo on Cuba - temporarily held up new funding in the wake of Gross'
arrest. The money has begun flowing again, though U.S. officials say DAI
is no longer part of the program.

A senior congressional aide with knowledge of the USAID programs told
The Associated Press the Cuba effort - which was ramped up under the
Bush Administration with the goal of promoting "regime change" on the
island - was on autopilot by the time President Barack Obama took office.

"Neither the State Department nor USAID knew who all of these people
were or what they were doing in the name of the US government and with
US taxpayer money," he said, adding that oversight was insufficient to
tell whether the programs were effective.

He said the contractors themselves designed and evaluated the programs
and determined whether they were doing a good job.

"They had the mandate, the money, and political advocates in Congress,"
he said.

The aide, who spoke on condition of anonymity because he was not
authorized to discuss the programs with the media, said that "to this
day" it is not clear who Gross was working with in Cuba.

Cuban authorities have not spoken publicly about their case against
Gross. But a video that surfaced days before the charges were announced
indicates prosecutors will likely argue that the USAID programs amount
to an attack on the island's sovereignty.

Judy Gross has appealed to Cuba to release her husband on humanitarian
grounds, noting that the couple's 26-year-old daughter Shira is
suffering from cancer and that Gross's elderly mother is also very ill.

On a blog she started to track her cancer treatment, Shira Gross asks
followers to keep her father in their thoughts.

"G-d listens to our prayers, so please pray for his release," she wrote
in an entry posted Thursday.

Many observers do see a way forward that would get Gross back to his
family, and avoid a standoff between Havana and Washington.

As recently as January, a senior U.S. State Department official said she
had been given signals by the Cuban government that Gross would be sent
home soon following a trial. American officials were taken aback when -
a few weeks later - prosecutors said they were seeking a 20-year jail term.

Phil Peters, a longtime Cuba expert who is vice president of the
Arlington, Virginia-based Lexington Institute, said he saw Cuba freeing
Gross soon, despite the fact prosecutors are seeking such a stiff sentence.

"The odds are the guy is going to get convicted, that's not hard to
predict," he said. "But I don't believe that the Cuban government has an
interest in holding him in jail for the long term."

http://www.miamiherald.com/2011/03/04/v-fullstory/2097795/trial-against-us-contractor-starts.html

Cuba frees more prisoners

Cuba frees more prisoners
The Associated Press

HAVANA -- The Roman Catholic Church says Cuba will free seven more
prisoners and send them into exile in Spain, along with their families.

None of the men are on a list of five prominent political prisoners that
remain from a 2003 crackdown on dissent, though two were members of
opposition groups. Others were jailed for violent, but politically
motivated acts like hijacking.

Cuba has freed 47 peaceful political prisoners jailed in the 2003 sweep,
as well as about 35 other prisoners arrested separately.

http://www.miamiherald.com/2011/03/04/2097850/cuba-frees-more-prisoners.html

Thursday, March 3, 2011

Varadero's Architectural Charm Threatened by Tourism

Varadero's Architectural Charm Threatened by Tourism
By Dalia Acosta

HAVANA, Mar 2, 2011 (IPS) - Important architectural works from the
Modern movement in Cuba appear to be doomed as a result of the expansion
of massive hotel complexes, which threaten to take over the landscape in
Varadero, this country's most famous beach resort.

The alert was first sounded in 2010 when rumours began to spread about
the demolition of the Hotel Internacional and the Hotel Club Cabañas del
Sol, two 1950s structures located in a prime area of Varadero, which is
140 km east of Havana, in the province of Matanzas.

Two statements issued by the ICOMOS National Committee, the Cuban branch
of the International Council on Monuments and Sites, in May and November
have received no response, architect Jorge Fornés told IPS.

Fornés is chair of the National Committee of ICOMOS, an independent
international non-governmental organisation of professionals dedicated
to the conservation of the world's historic monuments and sites, which
works closely with the United Nations Educational, Scientific and
Cultural Organisation (UNESCO).

"Independently of any decisions, I have no doubt as an architect that it
is not necessary to eliminate something valuable to build something
new," he said. "If there is interest in preserving a valuable piece of
heritage, there is always a way to do so," he added, citing cases like
the conservation of the colonial fortifications in Old Havana.

Nor have demands from intellectuals and academics, mainly circulated by
email, received an official public response from representatives of the
Tourism Ministry or coverage by the media. An employee at the Hotel
Internacional told IPS, "The decision has already been reached."

"There are contradictory versions," Roberto Fernández García, a poet who
lives in Varadero, said in an email message that sums up the results of
his inquiries and those of others interested in the case, posed to the
Tourism Ministry's provincial authorities.

Tourism Ministry officials in Matanzas said "The Hotel Internacional,
which opened on Dec. 24, 1950, is very old, small and old-fashioned,
with few rooms, and no longer meets the requirements of today's
tourism," according to Fernández García's message.

He said the 161-room hotel would be demolished to build, on the same
site, a modern 800-room structure. Cabañas del Sol, other tourist
installations from the first half of the 20th century -- when architects
of the Modern movement were seeking a fresh expression of the Cuban
identity -- and buildings in the old city in Varadero are also
apparently facing the same fate.

But the Matanzas office of the historian offered a different
explanation. According to a message circulated by the Cofradía de la
Negritud, a non-governmental association of black people, in this case
the response was that "The hotel's plumbing system is in a state of
collapse, so it is more economical to demolish it and build from
scratch, than to repair it."

But tourism authorities did not mention poor structural condition to the
hotel's employees. "They told us the hotel would be demolished because
of environmental regulations, and that it was useless to turn to Eusebio
Leal to save the hotel," one worker told IPS.

Supposedly Leal, a national lawmaker and the head of the ICOMOS National
Committee, would be unable to do anything to preserve a structure built
on a sand dune, like more than 100 other buildings and thousands of
metres of walls and fences that will have to be demolished, according to
environmental studies.

Alfredo Cabrera, director of the office in charge of the management of
Varadero's beaches, had ensured IPS in 2007 that before a decision was
reached about a demolition, his office took into account "the cultural
heritage or historical value of the structure," and whether it served
"an important social function."

An employee at the Varahicacos ecological reserve, meanwhile, who a few
years ago experienced the "breakdown" of the management of that
protected area due to the construction of a mega-hotel, told IPS that in
the case of the Hotel Internacional, environmental and heritage
interests should be reconciled.

Sources close to the Tourism Ministry confirmed that the Hotel
Internacional has reached an agreement with another country to build a
modern hotel, similar to so many others built in Varadero in recent
years near the Internacional and Cabañas del Sol hotels.

Half of the over two million tourists who visit Cuba every year go to
Varadero, which has more than 18,000 rooms in 49 hotels on 22 kilometres
of beach.

The municipality of 26,600 people, which includes Varadero and two
neighbouring towns, received a record of more than 31,000 visitors in
one day in February, in the context of the expansion of resort tourism
in Cuba.

"This is a preview of what could be about to hit us on a much, much
larger scale, because the country needs money urgently," Mario Coyula,
winner of the National Architecture Prize in 2001, told IPS, without
directly mentioning the complicated economic situation the country has
been in since the early 1990s.

Above and beyond architectural questions, Coyula, an architect and urban
designer, pointed out that "for many people these two hotels are
distinctive features of the local landscape, which are fast disappearing
in Varadero, as is coexistence (between the tourists) and the local
population, which is increasingly marginalised and isolated."

Architects, artists, writers and journalists who have called for saving
what is left of the Varadero of the 1950s point to the enormous
potential for the promotion of cultural tourism, with an offer that
differs from "the standardised sun and sand tourism in all-inclusive
resorts" that can be found on any Caribbean island.

"I see this as a natural result of excessive centralisation, which
stands in the way of dealing with thousands of small and medium
investors who could generate more stable and balanced wealth," Coyula
said. "And the most important thing: small-scale investors cannot impose
their own conditions."

http://ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=54695

Cubans' 50-year tax holiday coming to an end

Cubans' 50-year tax holiday coming to an end
AFP March 3, 2011, 12:13 pm

HAVANA (AFP) - For years, Cubans trying to eke out a living have had one
small comfort: that whatever income they managed to scrape together was
entirely theirs. That's about to change.

With 50 years of government paternalism coming to an end, Cubans will
soon be introduced to the tax man.

The seismic shift is being introduced by Raul Castro, the country's
79-year-old leader and brother of former president and revolutionary
icon Fidel Castro, as part of his overhaul of the economy.

Faced with an economy brought to its knees by the global economic crisis
and decades of fiscal mismanagement, Cuba in January began a process of
sweeping reforms.

Havana announced it was axing 500,000 government jobs as part of an
ambitious overhaul designed to build up a private sector in an economy
that has been run on communist lines since Fidel Castro took power in 1959.

At the same time, the government is encouraging more Cubans to try to
strike out on their own, in the closest thing to a free market economy
that the country has seen since the overthrow of the Fulgencio Batista
dictatorship more than half a century ago.

The Havana government made an initial stab at reforming the languishing
economy in 1994, including a move to formally allow some private enterprise.

Officially those laws also mandated the payment of taxes, although they
never were enforced, which meant that only 140,000 people out of a
population of 11.2 million paid taxes.

But last year, the Cuban government made it known that difficult
economic times were going to necessitate major changes. Chief among the
new reforms was the elimination of 500,000 jobs on the island.

Meanwhile Havana announced a major shift towards a free market economy,
saying it hoped to create 1.8 million jobs over the next five years.

Many of those new jobs are expected to generate tax revenue, now that
the the island's tax holiday is about to come to an end.

The changes come as Cuba's ruling Communist Party prepares to hold its
first congress in 14 years to give its formal approval to the reforms.

The proposed law imposes a complicated system of levies on sales,
services and rent, ranging from 25 percent to 50 percent.

The problem is that Cuban business owners have never paid taxes before,
and are not entirely sure what it all means.

Many Cubans meanwhile have started opening their own businesses without
knowing exactly how their tax situation will shake out.

"We'll sort it out later," said one man, who owns one of the many
"paladar" home restaurants that have sprung up around the country in the
months since the coming reforms were first announced.

Daysi Fernandez, who has rented out rooms in her home for the past
several years, was more cautious.

"I'll study the situation, and if I can't make ends meet, I'll hand over
my license," she said.

Meanwhile Roberto, a mechanic from Havana's Lawton neighborhood, said
the changes have already led him to alter his business plans.

"I was going to hire my son for my workshop, but it would work out
better for me if he gets his own license and helps me out every now and
again -- I'll save money that way," he said.

Economist Rafael Betancourt said it would have been better if Cubans'
abrupt introduction into the world of taxes had been more gradual.

"It's too bad that the system didn't establish a grace period," he told
TEMAS magazine.

Officials last month launched a campaign telling Cubans that it is
important that everyone do their share when it comes to paying taxes.

The government, Betancourt said, "will have to explain to the public
that people not only have rights, but also responsibilities."

Meanwhile Castro announced this week that the lay-offs of government
workers, which were to have been completed this month, could take up to
five years.
"The biggest threat to the revolution resides precisely in the mistakes
we could make," he told a cabinet meeting late Monday.

http://nz.news.yahoo.com/a/-/world/8943384/cubans-50year-tax-holiday-coming-to-an-end/

What the lovely people of Cuba are crying out for amid the dust of failure

What the lovely people of Cuba are crying out for amid the dust of failure
By John Honeywell on Mar 2, 11 09:15 PM in Cruise destinations

Whether it's thanks to Fidel Castro's stubborn refusal to change tack, a
result of the long-standing embargo imposed by near-neighbour the United
States, or because of the sudden withdrawal of financial aid when the
Soviet Union collapsed, there is no way that Cuba's communist regime can
be judged a success.

I'm no economics expert, but it doesn't take much to realise this is a
dirt-poor country in which everything appears to be falling apart - from
roads, to homes, to the entire social infrastructure.

In Havana I saw a crowd of people jostling to get into a building and
wondered whether this was the free all-day Buena Vista Social Club music
festival almost everyone on the streets had told me I must not miss. It
turned out to be a fish market, and the people were queuing for food.

I wrote earlier about the millions that are being spent restoring the
crumbling architectural masterpieces of the UNESCO World Heritage Site
that is Old Havana. If they don't speed up the work, many more buildings
will be reduced to dust before they can be rebuilt.

The roads are a mess, and heaven knows how the drivers keep their
"dinosaurs" - giant American cars from the 'fifties - running. The taxis
are owned by the government but their drivers are responsible for
repairs and I saw one vehicle having a replacement prop-shaft fitted at
the side of a busy roundabout.

Cubans get free education and health care; medicine and hospitals are
the country's biggest employers. They own their own houses but they are
not allowed to sell; they can only exchange for another of equivalent value.

Apart from a few large homes left behind by wealthy Cubans who fled to
Florida years ago, most are fairly squalid, whether they are jerry-built
brick shacks or concrete apartment blocks provided by the Russians.

Apart from a few licensed free-trade entrepreneurs operating tiny
one-man (or woman) businesses, everyone works for the government or in
partnership with it, and the vast majority simply have no disposable income.

Nevertheless, every passenger from Saga Pearl II who went ashore in
Havana, Cienfuegos, or at our final port of call on the island, Santiago
de Cuba, came away impressed with the friendliness of the locals.

As anxious as they must have been to make a few free-enterprise pesos,
none of the souvenir vendors showed a fraction of the aggression on
display at the so-called craft market I was ushered through at Dunn's
River Falls yesterday. And this was in Jamaica, supposedly a land of
legendary laid-backness. Yeah mon!

In Cuba there was little sign of the hassling jiniteros which my Lonely
Planet Guide had been so keen to warn of. Walking the streets of Old
Town Havana or the bustling alleys of Santiago it was impossible to
avoid touts offering their bicycle taxis or less-than-genuine cigars,
but they backed off at the first firm "no thankyou."

I encountered far more Cubans who were proud to show off their city and
asked for little or nothing by way of reward.

Admiring the art nouveau splendour of the soaring glass-vaulted Hotel
Raquel in Havana - having just wandered in, dusty-shoed from the street
- I was surprised to be invited to take in the view from the rooftop
terrace, where I was left un-hassled to enjoy the view across the city's
rooftops.

Gazing at the splendid portico of a grand building unidentified on my
rudimentary map, I was invited inside by a custodian of what turned out
to be an institute for veterans of Cuba's countless wars and
revolutions. I would have got more from my unexpected tour of its
statues and portraits if I'd had more than a brief acquaintance with
Spanish, but another impressive stained-glass window did not need words
to describe its beauty.

Most touching of all, while looking for that elusive music festival, I
was taken in hand by a young couple who, for the price of a mojito which
we shared together, taught me more about their country than any
reference book or Google search had done.

Fidel, I discovered, is still a revered hero. On the other hand his
brother Raul, who has been handed the reins of power, is despised for
the reforms he has introduced.

I am still kicking myself for not taking note of the couple's names. It
seems inadequate now to be able to refer only to "the wife" whose face
beamed with pride as she showed pictures of their beautiful
eight-year-old daughter and the cheeky smile of their two-year-old son.

And I hope the husband has a successful trip to England in a couple of
months when he travels on a government-sponsored tour playing drums in a
Cuban music ensemble. Incredibly, I saw him again later in the day as I
rode in a horse and buggy from the ship to the Hotel Nacional - he
spotted me and waved enthusiastically as I passed him on the seafront
promenade.

They taught me something else that explained a lot as I explored Cuba's
streets during my few days on the island. There is no soap to be had in
the country. Apparently the government has withdrawn subsidies it used
to pay so the people have nothing with which to wash thmselves or - more
disturbingly for them - their children.

On the few occasions we were approached by people begging with open
palms, they were more interested in being given soap than money.

When I return to Cuba - and I hope it will be soon - I know what to
bring for the benefit of its lovely people.

http://blogs.mirror.co.uk/captain-greybeard/2011/03/what-the-lovely-people-of-cuba.html

Cuba, Nicaragua, Venezuela are 'exceptions': US

Cuba, Nicaragua, Venezuela are 'exceptions': US
(AFP)

WASHINGTON — Latin America is enjoying growth and stable democracy with
the "notable exceptions" of the leftist governments of Cuba, Nicaragua
and Venezuela, Secretary of State Hillary Clinton said Wednesday.

Clinton had special praise for Brazil, Chile and Colombia in testimony
to the Senate Appropriations Committee as she discussed her proposed
2012 budget.

Latin America, "with notable exceptions like Cuba and a few others like
Venezuela and Nicaragua," has "moved into an era of sustainable
democracy and economic growth," Clinton said.

Brazil "is booming," Clinton told the senators. "It is a real success
story."

"They have the highest tax to GDP (gross domestic product) ratio in the
hemisphere," she said, "and they use that money to invest in social
inclusion, improve their education and health systems."

Chile "similarly has good leadership and made good investments," Clinton
said, while there has been "a successful American partnership" with
Colombia regarding its war with leftist guerrillas and Bogota's
crackdown on drug trafficking.

President Barack Obama is scheduled to travel March 19-23 to Brazil,
Chile and El Salvador.

http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5gVwUCCbzVnxSozFjKKJfa6iYbJJA?docId=CNG.4103fec93a330f1c195d92e86c2ce8c3.ee1

Grassley asks HHS to probe whether Castro regime is defrauding Medicare

Grassley asks HHS to probe whether Castro regime is defrauding Medicare
By Julian Pecquet - 03/02/11 12:45 PM ET

Sen. Chuck Grassley (R-Iowa) grilled federal officials Wednesday about
the Cuban government's possible ties to rampant Medicare fraud in south
Florida.

Grassley asked Health and Human Services officials testifying before the
Senate Finance Committee whether they were aware of any evidence that
Cuba might be involved in fraud schemes against the government program.

He asked HHS Inspector General Daniel Levinson to look into any evidence
that Cuban officials have been "facilitating" Medicare fraud and to get
back to him after coordinating with the Justice and State departments.

Levinson said he'd "have to get back to you on the particulars."

"We wouldn't comment on any particular case in a public forum," Levinson
told The Hill after the hearing.

Last month, the Department of Health and Human Services released a list
of the Top 10 healthcare fraud fugitives, who have defrauded the
government of $124 million combined. Seven of the 10 fugitives were of
Cuban origin, and six of those are now believed to be hiding on the island.

During the hearing, Grassley referenced a report from the Institute for
Cuban and Cuban-American Studies at the University of Miami raising
questions about the involvement of Fidel Castro's regime.

The report paraphrases a "high-level former intelligence official with
the Cuban Government" as saying that there are "strong indications that
the Cuban Government is directing some of these Medicare frauds as part
of a desperate attempt to obtain hard currency."

"The source notes that the Cuban Government is also assisting (while not
directing) other instances of Medicare fraud — providing perpetrators
with information with which to commit fraud," wrote the report's author,
research associate Vanessa Lopez. "The former Cuban official goes on to
say that, in the instances where the Cuban Government is not directing
or facilitating the fraud, it does provide Cuba as a place for fugitives
to flee. This gives the Castro regime a convenient and care-free way to
raise hard currency."

Furthermore, according to this source, "any fugitive in Cuba needs to
pay astronomically large sums of money to the Cuban Government in order
to enter and remain in the country."

Some Cuban-American groups have begun to ask for a congressional probe
of Cuba's potential ties to Medicare fraud.

Grassley stopped short of that Wednesday, but his comments raised the
level of attention a notch.

"I'm just now getting into this, so I don't really know what the next
step is," Grassley told The Hill. "But at least there's one step going
on now in regard to the written response that I got from [HHS]."

http://thehill.com/blogs/healthwatch/medicare/147033-grassley-asks-hhs-to-probe-cuba-ties-to-medicare-fraud

DECLARATION OF SANTIAGO

DECLARATION OF SANTIAGO
03-03-2011.
Concilio Cubano

(www.miscelaneasdecuba.net).- The Cuban people live in very difficult
times. However, this is not news. For more than fifty years we have
witnessed increasing poverty and the ongoing violation of our human rights.

We have watched with sadness and outrage as our cities have become a
heap of dust, destitute people, and discrimination. Instead of
confronting these crises with meaningful change, the Castros blame
others and make promises which are never fulfilled, and the Cuban people
have no mechanism to hold them accountable for these failures. The
regime treats Cuban citizens like children, attempting to control all
aspects of Cuban life. They tell us how to do business, how to think,
how to act. They have created a system that spreads doubt and division
among us, weakening our unity, pitting Cuban against Cuban, benefiting
some at the expense of others. The socialist economic model has stifled
generations of Cuban creativity and productivity, resulting in decay and
destitution. We deserve and demand better.

Concilio Cubano is a forum that proposes to bring together all of the
opposition groups that peacefully oppose the current regime. We intend
to give the people of Santiago de Cuba, and eventually all of Cuba, a
comprehensive program with viable proposals on political, economic, and
social issues. These proposals will help us to exit the crisis to which
the current regime has brought us; a regime that, despite fifty years in
power now asks us for more sacrifices and more budget cuts, and intends
to lay off hundreds of thousands of workers.

We have gained consciousness of our current situation. We will not
continue to remain silent. We want solutions, and we say enough to the
speeches and empty formalities.

We need a government that represents the whole population of Cuba in its
diversity: political, ethnic, religious, sexual preferences, and other.
We want the creation of institutions and laws consistent with that
cultural diversity.

We need a government whose primary interest is to respect freedom and
equality, including] the free expression of thought, freedom of
association, and economic freedom.
We deserve a government that is accountable to the people of Cuba.

Economic

In the economic realm, the industries and commerce are in ruins. The
economic system has been dominated by state control, stifled by
bureaucracy, and crippled by a lack of competition. To address our
economic crisis], the current regime proposes the "actualization of the
socialist economic model." However, what this really means is the
continuation of economic failure. In the new economic reform guidelines,
one can recognize once again that the economic policy of the communist
regime will be the same in its essence: foreigners will be the only
people who will be allowed to open big businesses in conjunction with
the regime. The Cuban people only get the crumb of self-employment
activities. We will not have the right to increase or better our
participation in the economy of our country.

The regime also proposes taxes that are excessive and absurd. Previous
experiences indicate that increasing taxes dispirits the consumer and
inhibits productive activity. For this reason, the solution is not in
creating new taxes; it is in reducing existing taxes to promote the
creativity and productivity of the Cuban people.

The regime has failed to meet the needs of working people. The workers
who were recently laid off do not have the necessary resources to stay
afloat in self-employment. It is truthfully inhumane to lay off a worker
after decades of having paid him/her a miserable salary that does not
add up to enough savings, without first ensuring that the person has
access to bank loans. We are ashamed to see that the Center for Cuban
Workers (CTC) and its top representative, Mr. Salvador Valdes Mesa, has
supported the directives of Raul Castro and left the workers in a total
state of helplessness.

We are weary of public works projects that never yield any benefit to
the people. Our streets have been destroyed again and again in the name
of supposed infrastructure programs that are never completed, due to
official indecisiveness and negligence. The so-called "work of the
century," will not be called that for its quality but because it will
last a hundred years before its completion.

To promote greater economic freedom and opportunity, Concilio Cubano
proposes the following:

1. Grant full legal recognition to the Cuban people's rights to private
property. These rights include: the right of homeowners to sell their
homes; [the right to buy or rent housing freely; the right to freely
make a will; and the right to inherit.]

2. [Reform the tax code to promote productivity by reducing overall tax
rates and creating tax incentives for workers and business owners.]

3. Provide increasing economic opportunity for citizens under 35 and
employment opportunities for the disabled. Provide skills education for
workers of all ages who need to adjust to a new economy.

4. Permit all citizens born in Cuba to be investors in medium and large
companies whether or not they reside in the country or outside it. In
other words, enable the decentralization of the economic activity of the
country, which is currently in the hands of the totalitarian state. It
is necessary to put this activity into the hands of Cuban citizens.

5. Facilitate the granting of credit to all those who need it to start
private businesses.

6. Make possible the mixed association of foreign citizens and Cuban
citizens within companies.

7. Create a transparent and accountable government agency to oversee
public works projects.

Political and Legal

In the political realm, one sees an increase in human rights violations
including: the persecution and harassment of those who think differently
than the regime; the dispossession of goods without any judicial order;
arbitrary detentions; denial of rights of free speech and association,
freedom of the press and media, and freedom of access to information;
refusal to allow Cuban citizens to travel freely within Cuba and to and
from foreign destinations; and interference with freedom of religion.

These abuses are made possible by the lack of government accountability
to the people of Cuba. There are no free and fair elections in which
citizens can hold their officials accountable for their behavior.
Political parties are denied the freedom to challenge abuses by the PCC.
The lack of such accountability mechanisms leads to widespread
government corruption. The court system is unable to provide a check
against government abuses because it lacks the necessary independence.
As a result, the Cuban people suffer from arbitrary tyranny and a
failure of the rule of law.

[To promote a transparent and accountable government that respects the
rights of citizens, Concilio Cubano proposes the following:]

1. [Recognize and enforce the human rights of all Cuban citizens,
including the rights to freedom of speech, expression, and association;
the right to private property; the right to freedom of religion; the
right to a free press and access to information; and the right to free
movement.]

2. Eliminate all restrictions that prevent Cuban citizens from freely
entering or leaving the country. Repeal Decree No. 217 from April 22,
1997, which prevents the free movement of citizens, mainly into the city
of Havana.

3. Repeal Law 88, which criminalizes basic rights of association and
access to information, and eliminate the law of social dangerousness. No
one should be punished for exercising basic political and personal rights.

4. Modify the Criminal Procedure Code to guarantee the rights of the
accused person and the fairness of the criminal justice process.

5. Make these rights meaningful by: joining the American Convention on
Human Rights and accepting the jurisdiction of the Inter-American Court
of Human Rights to hear cases of human rights violations in Cuba;
creating an independent human rights commission with the power to
investigate and address human rights abuses; and making the structural
changes in #6 below that will enable citizens to effectively enforce
their rights within the Cuban legal system.

6. Restructure the government to provide transparency, accountability,
and the rule of law. In particular: allow a wide range of political
parties to organize, speak, campaign, and contest elections; hold free
and fair elections; create an independent anti-corruption mechanism with
open and transparent procedures; provide by law for the independence of
the judiciary; provide by law for the independence of the parliament
from the executive branch, and give the parliament sufficient power to
act as a check on the executive.

Social and Cultural

The fabric of Cuban society has been frayed by more than fifty years of
dictatorship. Cuban people have lived under a system in which they must
often break the rules to survive. This experience has undermined respect
for law and encouraged dependence. The regime coerces citizens into
spying on each other and reporting on each other. It uses networks of
informants to generate a massive system of surveillance which undermines
social trust.

Under the Castros, Cuban society has experienced the breakdown of basic
social institutions, including regression in education, culture, health
care and technology. In all these areas, the regime expects
professionals to act as arms of the state, and refuses to allow them the
independence necessary to establish relationships of trust with those
they serve. Education has suffered. The system is designed to
indoctrinate, not to educate. Maestros emergentes, or fast-track teacher
syoung and inexperienced teachers who have been trained in a speedy
process to cope with the loss of educated teachers leaving for better
paying jobs], are failing our students and parents.

The service in hospitals is poor; young doctors often receive inadequate
training; there is insufficient confidentiality in the doctor-patient
relationship; on many occasions medicines are not found; and our
physicians are sent to complete international missions to the detriment
of the inhabitants of the provinces who need medical attention. People
with HIV are incarcerated in quarantine centers as though they were
criminals instead of respecting their human rights.
In our streets, we see the consequences of such social deterioration.
Violence in our streets has considerably increased and we see with
sadness how continuous assaults are produced, adding to the insecurity
to our citizens.

The widespread use of alcohol contributes to the increase in violence.
Citizens who are struggling to survive and have little hope for their
futures turn to violence against each other. This situation contributes
further to the breakdown of social ties.

Our cultural life has been stifled by the Castros. The regime dominates
all creative and artistic expression. Artists are forced to represent
the regime's point of view. The Castro regime has restricted peoples'
access to technology in order to isolate them from the world, and it has
selectively blocked websites representing dissident points of view.

To rebuild the social and cultural realms, Concilio Cubano proposes the
following:

1. Disband all watchdog systems of surveillance.

2. Reform the educational system to provide well-trained teachers, a
focus on critical-thinking skills, and] the autonomy of educational
institutions, particularly colleges and universities.

3. Reform the health care system to provide well-trained health
professionals; increase access to medicines and supplies in general;
increase access to health care in the provinces in particular; and
protect the independence of medical professionals.

4. Eliminate the quarantine system for people with HIV.

5. Create public health intervention programs to address the needs of
the homeless, and those suffering from alcohol and drug addiction.

*6. Allow the development, and support the flourishing, of independent
artistic and creative enterprises.

7. Increase the Cuban people's free access to technology and internet
communication.

8. Protect the equal rights of all Cuban citizens – regardless of race,
religion, national origin, gender, or sexual orientation – to marry, to
have or adopt children, and to enjoy the benefits of family and private
life.

With the support of our people, the strength of our political program
and our method of peaceful struggle, the time has arrived to demand
change. Concilio Cubano forms part of the peaceful opposition that
presents a viable alternative program. We represent the just demands of
the people of Santiago de Cuba and eventually the Cuban people. We speak
for this noble endeavor to all Cubans, not only to our friends, but also
to those who colluded with injustice in the past but now hope for a
future of freedom and prosperity.

We believe that all Cubans, regardless of their past allegiances, should
now come together to build a better future for our country. Because of
our activities and our ongoing claim for our rights, we have been the
victims of the biggest campaign of slander and repression that has ever
been received by an opposition movement in contemporary history. This
experience of repression has taught us that] the most important resource
we have with which to speak is the truth. We aim to give a message of
hope to our people: to the young who have lost their hopes, to the
parents who have cried for the death of a son who attempted to find a
future in another country, to the seniors who after many years of work
receive a pension that does not afford them enough to eat, to the
divided families who have missed their loved ones for years. To all
those who have lost their faith: we present our Declaration, promising
to continue our struggle for you.

Santiago de Cuba, January 14, 2011.

If you wish to contact us to discuss this Declaration or to report any
denunciation that has to do with the violation of your rights, you may
do so below by the following signatures:

1 - Ernesto Vera Rodríguez. Lawyer Manager of the Eastern Provinces for
Concilio Cubano. Vecino de José Antonio Saco # 1255 entre 6 y 7 Reparto
Santa Bárbara, Santiago de Cuba. Teléfono 646333.

2 - Raudel Ávila Lozada. Confederation of Workers of National
Independent of Cuba (CONIC) and member of the Political Commission of
Concilio Cubano. Vecino de Callamo # 618 entre Céspedes y Primero de
Mayo, Palma Soriano.

3 - Tania Montoya Vázquez. Municpals of Opposition of Palma Soriano.
Vecina de carretera de San Luis # 13 Reparto La Concepción, Palma Soriano.
4 – Rodis Mustelier Caignet. President of the National Board of
Democratic Transition. Vecino de Carretera de Siboney km 12, Las Guásimas.

5 – Pedro Antonio Alonso. Promoter of the Municpals of opposition and
President of the Political Commission and Human Rights of Concilio
Cubano. Teléfono 631487.

6 – Lázaro Rosales Rojas. Coordinator of the Liberal Unity of Santiago
de Cuba. Vecino de Paco Cabrera # 6B e/ Edel Mora Y Final, Reparto
Timbales, municipio Contramaestre.

7 – Idalmis Núñez Reynosa. Delegate of the FLAMUR and President of the
Economic Commission of Concilio Cubano in Santiago de Cuba. Teléfono 674510.

8 – Eunice Madaula Fernández. Executive Director of the CEEDPA "José
Ignacio García Hamilton". Teléfono: 653115 y vecina de Pedro Alvarado #
19 entre 8 y 10 Reparto Terrazas.

9 - Francisco Herodes Díaz Echemendía. Political former prisoner. Vecino
de Calle E # 74 entre B y D. Reparto Chicharrones, Santiago de Cuba.

10 – Carlos Alberto Reyes Casanova. Municpals of Opposition of Palma
Soriano and activist of Political Party of CID. Vecino de Villuendas #
258 entre Avenida de la Libertad y Remus, Palma Soriano.

http://www.miscelaneasdecuba.net/web/article.asp?artID=31464

Cuban reforms delayed: who and how do you sacks half a million state workers?

Wednesday, March 2nd 2011 - 07:00 UTC

Cuban reforms delayed: who and how do you sacks half a million state
workers?

Cuba's plans to lay off half a million state workers by the end of March
are behind schedule, President Raul Castro has acknowledged. Castro,
quoted by state television, said the timetable for the cuts would be
altered to soften their impact.

The redundancies form part of plans to revive Cuba's struggling economy,
an issue due to be discussed at a rare Communist Party Congress in
April. The Cuban government currently employs about 85% of the official
workforce.

President Castro, addressing a joint meeting of his cabinet and the
Council of State, said given the lay-offs were behind schedule, the
timeline would be adjusted, state television reported.

"A job of this magnitude which will affect so many citizens in one way
or another cannot be marked by inflexible timetables," the report quoted
him as saying.

President Castro did not give a new target date for the planned
redundancies, saying only that the overhaul of the economy would take at
least five years. He again insisted that the reforms would "leave nobody
behind".

Last September, Mr Castro announced plans to lay off about a million
state employees - about a fifth of the workforce - with half the jobs
going by 31 March.

This would have been just three weeks before the first congress of the
ruling Communist Party in 14 years.

Thousands of committees have been set up across the island to decide
which jobs to eliminate and discuss the planned changes to the economy.
According to state TV, the economy minister, Marino Murillo, said some
seven million Cubans had taken part in a total of nearly 130,000 such
meetings.

But resistance among those supposed to implementing the cuts has clearly
had an effect.

As well as lay-offs, the Cuban government has been taking steps to ease
some restrictions on private enterprise, allowing Cubans to apply for
licences to run their own businesses, rent out rooms and in some case
hire workers. Farmers have also been leased land, seeds and fertilizers
in a desperate effort to boost crops and cut the huge Cuban food bill of
imports mostly from the US.

President Castro has said that the reforms are vital to overhauling the
economy, which is burdened by debt, costly social programs and
government intervention in all aspects of the economy, and after decades
of mismanagement a lack of work discipline in the bureaucracy and among
the new generations.

http://en.mercopress.com/2011/03/02/cuban-reforms-delayed-who-and-how-do-you-sacks-half-a-million-state-workers?utm_source=feed&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=latin-america&utm_campaign=rss

Cuban ballet dancers remain in Canada

Cuban ballet dancers remain in Canada
By VICTOR SWOBODA, Freelance March 2, 2011

A principal dancer with the Cuban National Ballet, Elier Bourzac, is one
of five company members who declined to return home with the troupe
after its triumphant first appearance in Montreal last month.

All five are seeking to stay in Canada in the hope of joining Canadian
dance companies. Among their first acts in the week following their
decision to stay was an audition with Les Grands Ballets Canadiens de
Montréal.

"My reason for staying is artistic," Bourzac, 26, said in a telephone
interview Monday from Toronto, where he took a regular class with the
National Ballet of Canada as part of an audition process. "I went as far
as I wanted to go in classical ballet - in Cuba, it's exclusively
classical dance - and I'd like to continue to perform ballet, but now
I'd like to explore contemporary dance, too, and work with international
choreographers. As far as Canada goes, I like Canada's way of life
better than that of other countries where I've toured."

In two appearances in Montreal in the ballet Giselle, Bourzac displayed
brilliant technique in the lead male role of Albrecht, partnering with
the company's eminent ballerina Viengsay Valdés. His repertory includes
leading roles in Don Quixote, Swan Lake, Corsaire and other major
classical works.

Three of the other four Cubans also took part in the Toronto audition,
including Bourzac's wife, Patricia Gonzalez, 24; Jorge Villazon, 32; and
Hugo Rodriguez, 20. All were members of the Cuban National Ballet corps.

The fifth Cuban, Yadil Suarez, 22, remains in Montreal. In December,
Suarez, a company first soloist, partnered with Valdés in a duet, For
Alicia, at a gala in Havana in honour of the 90th birthday of Cuban
National Ballet founder Alicia Alonso.

Over the past decade, the Cuban National Ballet has lost other dancers
while on foreign tours. In 2008, three dancers left the company after
its appearance in Hamilton, Ont., and eventually settled in the United
States.

http://www.montrealgazette.com/entertainment/Cuban+ballet+dancers+remain+Canada/4370292/story.html

New bill bolsters hope for U.S. agricultural sales to Cuba

New bill bolsters hope for U.S. agricultural sales to Cuba
Mar. 1, 2011 5:12pm

Rep. Mike Conaway, R-Texas, yesterday introduced legislation (H.R. 833)
to define "payment of cash in advance" for U.S.-Cuba agricultural sales
as receipt of payment by the seller prior to the transfer of the
product's title and the release of control of the product to the purchaser.

Rep. Mike Conaway, R-Texas, yesterday introduced legislation (H.R. 833)
to define "payment of cash in advance" for U.S.-Cuba agricultural sales
as receipt of payment by the seller prior to the transfer of the
product's title and the release of control of the product to the
purchaser. Since 2005, federal regulations enforced by the Treasury
Department's Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) require advance
payment in cash only, before U.S. farm goods leave a U.S. port for Cuba.

H.R. 833 would also prohibit the president from restricting direct
transfers from a Cuban financial institution to U.S. financial
institution to pay for a product authorized for sale under U.S. law.
Federal law allows the sale of U.S. farm goods to Cuba, but requires
payment in cash only.

The USA Rice Federation has led rice industry efforts to open and expand
agricultural trade with Cuba and strongly supports congressional efforts
to remove statutory and regulatory restrictions on direct trade with the
island nation. USA Rice is working to get rice state co-sponsors of
H.R. 833.

Cuba is a potential 400,000 to 600,000 metric ton (MT) rice market for
the United States. U.S. rice sales to Cuba peaked in 2004, at
approximately 176,000 MT. After OFAC imposed restrictive regulations on
U.S.-Cuba agricultural transactions in 2005, U.S. rice sales"

http://westernfarmpress.com/government/new-bill-bolsters-hope-us-agricultural-sales-cuba

Cuba Needs 5 Years to Reform Economy, Raul Castro Says

Cuba Needs 5 Years to Reform Economy, Raul Castro Says

HAVANA – The economic reforms now under way in Cuba will take at least
five years to be fully implemented, President Raul Castro said,
acknowledging a delay in the planned elimination of 500,000 positions at
state enterprises.

Gen. Castro made the statement last week at an expanded meeting of the
Council of Ministers, state television reported late Monday.

At the meeting the president said that the plan of economic adjustments
should not be applied hurriedly or in an improvised manner because the
possibility of mistakes in its implementation constitutes the "biggest
threat" to the revolution.

"The updating of our (economic) model is not the work of one day or even
of one year, and because of its complexity it requires no less than five
years to fully carry out its implementation," the news report said,
citing Castro.

Regarding the slimming of state payrolls, he said that this measure
"does not constitute an end in itself but is rather a means for
recovering the efficiency and discipline in the workers' collectives
under the principle of demonstrated suitability and the greatest right."

He also said that this is a measure that cannot be locked into
"inflexible periods of time," acknowledged that the launching of the
process has been delayed and insisted that the Cuban government "will
leave no one unprotected."

Also analyzed at the meeting of the Cuban Council of Ministers was the
process of popular debate of the Project of Guidelines for the Economic
and Social Policy of the Party and the Revolution, as the plan of
reforms is known that will be ratified at the 6th Congress of the ruling
Communist Party, set for the second half of April.

More than 7 million Cubans have taken part in the almost 130,000
assemblies held to discuss the plan, according to figures released on
state television.

The Raul Castro government is pushing an economic overhaul in an attempt
to overcome the crisis that Cuba has been suffering for decades.

Among the most important measures are the layoffs in the state sector
and the expansion of self-employment and small business.

http://www.laht.com/article.asp?ArticleId=388432&CategoryId=14510

Wednesday, March 2, 2011

Jesse Jackson appeals to Cuba to release American

Posted on Tuesday, 03.01.11

Jesse Jackson appeals to Cuba to release American

The Obama administration's top diplomat on Latin America has met with
Cuba's foreign minister to press for the release of a U.S. citizen
jailed in Havana since December -- the latest in a recent string of
high-level bilateral sessions.
By PAUL HAVEN
Associated Press

HAVANA -- The Rev. Jesse Jackson appealed to Cuba on Tuesday to release
an American contractor facing a possible 20-year sentence on charges of
trying to undermine the government, saying granting him freedom on
humanitarian grounds could open the door for better relations.

Jackson offered to come to Cuba to mediate the release of Alan Gross, a
61-year-old Maryland native held here since December 2009. Gross, who
was working for USAID when he was arrested, is set to go on trial Friday
on charges of "acts against the integrity and independence" of Cuba.

"I am not making a legal case. I am making a humanitarian plea, a moral
appeal," Jackson said in a telephone interview with The Associated
Press. "I hope that Raul (Castro) and the governing officials see the
advantage of letting him go. Every time a prisoner is let go, it opens
the door for increased dialogue and possibilities."

Jackson, a civil rights leader and former Democratic presidential
candidate, made clear he was speaking as a private citizen and not on
behalf of the Obama Administration.

Jackson has been to Cuba several times and met with both Fidel and Raul
Castro. In 1984 he helped negotiate the release of 26 Cuban prisoners,
most of whom left the island. He has made similar trips to Yugoslavia,
Syria and Iraq to help gain freedom for detained Americans.

Jackson, 69, said he was available to reprise that role in Cuba and
added that he would like to come to Havana in any case to meet with
Gross once the trial is over.

Jackson, a longtime critic of Washington's 48-year trade embargo against
Cuba, said it is time for a new U.S. policy toward the island, which has
been ruled since 1959 by the Castro brothers.

"Cuba is not a threat to our national security," he said. "We should be
in meaningful dialogue with Cuba."

He noted that President Barack Obama recently held a state dinner for
visiting Chinese President Hu Jintao despite criticisms of that
country's human rights record, adding that U.S. policy toward Cuba
"should not remain static 50 years later."

Gross's family and the U.S. government say he was in Cuba handing out
communications equipment to the island's small Jewish community, though
Jewish leaders in Cuba have said they had nothing to do with him.

The project he was working on was part of a $40 million-a-year USAID
program to promote democracy and political change on the island.

U.S. officials have defended the program and said they will never stop
supporting democracy and openness in Cuba. Opponents of the project have
criticized it as ineffective and counterproductive.

American officials have made clear that relations between Cuba and the
United States cannot meaningfully improve while Gross is being held.

Cuban prosecutors announced in February that they would seek a long jail
term for Gross, a shock to those who thought the situation was close to
being resolved. Only weeks earlier, a senior State Department official
was allowed to meet with Gross in custody. U.S. officials said at the
time they were optimistic he would be released.

Gross's wife, Judy, has also appealed for her husband to be freed,
saying he meant no harm. The couple's 26-year-old daughter has cancer
and is recovering from a double mastectomy, and Gross's elderly mother
is also sick.

"I am increasingly worried about Alan's ability to sustain all the
emotional pain and stress he is under considering the most recent bad
news from the home front," she said in written response to questions
sent by the AP last week. "I beg the Cuban government to let Alan come
home on humanitarian grounds."

http://www.miamiherald.com/2011/03/01/2092185/jesse-jackson-appeals-to-cuba.html

American faces trial as U.S-Cuba conflict goes on

American faces trial as U.S-Cuba conflict goes on
Reuters
By Jeff Franks Jeff Franks

HAVANA (Reuters) – An American aid contractor caught up in one of the
world's last Cold War conflicts goes on trial on Friday for crimes
against the Cuban state in a case that could put him in prison for 20
years and further damage U.S.-Cuba relations.

Alan Gross, 61, who already has spent 15 months in jail, is accused of
illegally importing satellite communications equipment under a U.S.
program outlawed on the communist-led island.

A three-person panel will hear his case, which like most Cuban trials is
expected to last only a day or two.

The case could set back U.S.-Cuba relations for years if Cuba decides to
make an example of Gross and lock him away for years. But some observers
believe a political solution has been or will be reached that will allow
Gross to go free soon.

His wife, Judy Gross, has pleaded with Cuba to release him for
humanitarian reasons because their 26-year-old daughter and Alan Gross'
88-year-old mother are battling cancer. She also has said her husband's
health is deteriorating in prison.

The United States has said Gross, a longtime development worker who was
in Cuba on a tourist visa, was setting up improved Internet access for
Jewish groups, and insists that he committed no crimes.

He was a contractor for a U.S. Agency for International Development
(USAID) program begun by the Bush administration to promote political
change in Cuba.

Cuban leaders say the program is just another in a long line of U.S.
attempts at subversion dating to the earliest days of the 1959
revolution that put Fidel Castro, now 84, in power. His younger brother
Raul Castro succeeded him as president three years ago.

Gross will be defended by Cuban lawyer Nuris Pinero, who is well known
in Cuba for participating in the defense of five Cuban agents jailed in
the United States since 1998.

Some believe that Pinero's presence hints at Cuba's desire to swap Gross
for the agents, who were linked to a 1996 shootdown of two U.S. private
planes by Cuban military jets.

"U.S. DUPE" DEFENSE?

Pinero likely will "portray Gross as a dupe of U.S. intelligence rather
than someone with intent to damage the Cuban state," said Miami-based
attorney Timothy Ashby, a former U.S. Commerce Department specialist on
Cuba.

Gross is the first American to be charged under a Cuban law that
prohibits "acts against the independence or territorial integrity of the
state," which puts him in a precarious situation with a government
intent on stopping U.S. interference.

For Cuba, the case is an opportunity to dissuade others from working in
the controversial U.S. programs, said Arturo Lopez-Levy, a Cuba expert
at the University of Denver.

"Nobody after Gross will be able to say they ran the risk of sentences
up to 20 years without knowing it," he said.

Goodwill may be in short supply among Cuban leaders, who consistently
and harshly express their frustration at lack of change in U.S. policy
under President Barack Obama.

He has taken modest steps to improve relations by easing the
long-standing U.S. trade embargo against the island but Cubans say Obama
has done too little to end five decades of hostility.

U.S. activities in Cuba may be on trial in the case as much as Gross.

In the past few days, Cuba has revealed with great fanfare two
government agents who infiltrated two of Cuba's best-known dissident
groups -- the Ladies in White and the Cuban Commission of Human Rights
-- for years.

They have talked at length about U.S. backing for dissidents, who they
said were in it for the money that flowed from Washington and Cuban
exile groups in Miami.

(Additional reporting by Esteban Israel; Editing by Bill Trott)

http://news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20110302/us_nm/us_cuba_usa_contractor_1

Tuesday, March 1, 2011

Eastern Cuban Wind Farms Produce More Than 21,000 Megawatts in Three Years

Eastern Cuban Wind Farms Produce More Than 21,000 Megawatts in Three Years

HOLGUIN, Cuba, Feb 28 (acn) The two wind farms in the municipality of
Gibara, in the eastern Cuban province of Holguin, contributed with
21,000 megawatts to the National Electric System, in three years of
functioning.
Cuban News Agency

The director of the National Electric System, Jose Pifferer, told ACN
that this contribution saved the Cuban economy more than 4,000 oil tons,
taking into account that these two wind farms produce nine megawatts per
hour.

It also played a part in ceasing to emit to the atmosphere more than
15,000 cubic meters of toxic gases, which benefits the environment.

The Cuban program of energy generation from the wind has other two
facilities, with less generation capacity, located in the special
municipality of the Isle of Youth and in the central province of Ciego
de Avila.

Pifferer noted that the Gibara I, in Holguin, was severely damaged by
hurricane Ike, in September 2008; otherwise, these two farms could have
made a larger contribution.

The director of the Electric Company of Holguin, Hector Lugo, pointed
out that the project to use the energy of the wind began in the province
with the inauguration of Gibara I, on February 16, 2008, and expanded
recently with Gibara II.

http://www.cubanews.ain.cu/2011/0228Eastern-Cuban-Wind-Farms-Produce-More-Than.htm

No social media revolution for Cuba

No social media revolution for Cuba
By Michael Brissenden
Updated Tue Mar 1, 2011 1:33pm AEDT

Cuba's ruling party would be keen to keep the focus on the textbook
teachings of dialectical materialism rather than allow access to the
anarchy of social media. (AFP: Rodrigo Arangua)

A strange thing happened to me the other week. While the so called
Facebook revolution was sweeping through Egypt I found myself in an
almost completely net free zone, a rare black hole on the Facebook map:
Cuba.

There might be some debate about whether Mubarak was toppled by the net
nerds of Cairo or not - after all he did shut the whole thing down after
a while - but what seems clear is that social media certainly helped get
the ball rolling. What's also clear is that the old comrades in their
battle fatigues in Havana have nothing to fear from any like-minded,
touch screen freedom fighters. For most people in Cuba even the mobile
phone is pretty much out of reach. Access to the internet is reserved
for the ruling elite, those in favour with the regime or the relatively
wealthy - which is usually the same group.

Here's how it works for most of the rest of the population.

The average wage is about $20 per month, so there's not a lot of room
for discretionary spending on communications. A mobile call casts 35
cents to make and 35 cents to receive. And the mobile phone in Cuba is
simply that: there's no mobile broadband or fancy broadband network,
internet access is restricted to a clunky old dial-up service that most
people can only access at certain times at certain post offices for
anywhere between $2 and $5 an hour.

This has its redeeming features of course. It's like stepping back into
the 1980s. On the Cuban streets people don't spend their entire time
walking around staring into their mobiles. You can still have a
conversation, indeed a whole meal, without your companion disengaging to
tweet or to check the latest update from their real friends on Facebook.

Very few people here are in a position to afford an online presence and
those that are are wary of giving any would-be revolutionary free rein
in cyberspace. As we've seen, things can get out of hand pretty quickly
for autocratic regimes if they let that one loose. The ruling party to
be keen to keep the focus on the textbook teachings of dialectical
materialism rather than allow access to that sort of unfettered digital
anarchy.

That's not to say they don't appreciate its virtues. Mariella Castro,
the daughter of the Cuban leader Raul Castro, spent a good deal of time
in a interview I did with her for the ABC's Foreign Correspondent
telling me how much she admired Julian Assange and WikiLeaks. It was
hard to disagree with her assertion that "WikiLeaks has paved a new path
in the transparency of international diplomacy". The paradox of the
situation in her own country flashed by without comment.

Of course part of the reason why the digital age has passed Cuba by has
been the refusal of the US to allow to the fibre optic cables in the
Caribbean. In the next few months though, an underwater cable rolled out
all the way from Venezuela will finally bring broadband to the island.
But apart from giving those that already have access to the net a faster
service no-one expects anything much to change in the short term.

According to the government-controlled daily newspaper Granma, Cuban
officials have already made it clear that while broadband may mean a
higher quality communication it will not necessarily bring "broader"
communication.

Viva la revolucion.

Michael Brissenden is the ABC's Washington correspondent.

http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2011/03/01/3151782.htm

Libya is no Cuba, Gadaffi is no Castro or Che

Libya is no Cuba, Gadaffi is no Castro or Che
Humberto Fontova

"The only real power comes out of a rifle." Joseph Stalin
"Death is the solution to all problems - no man, no problem." Joseph Stalin
"I trust no one, not even myself." Joseph Stalin.
"I have sworn before a picture of the old and mourned comrade Stalin
that I won't rest until I see these capitalist octopuses annihilated!"
Che Guevara 1956.

A tribal dictatorship on Gadaffi's model is vastly different from a
Stalinist one on the Castro model. Gadaffi's goons-for-pay are certainly
murdering people in Libya—but it appears a haphazard and tardy affair.
"A bumbling, haphazard and amateurish affair," veteran Stalinists Fidel
and Raul Castro are probably nodding to themselves. "We could have shown
Gadaffi the proper remedy for these matters."

"When even a portion of your armed forces turn against you—you've had
it," any Stalinist could have advised Gadaffi. "You nip these things in
the bud."

Upon arriving in Havana in Jan. of 1959 Che Guevara immediately
recognized the moat around Havana's La Cabana fortress as a handy-dandy
execution pit. At Babi-Yar, Hitler's SS had to dig one. Here Che Guevara
and Fidel Castro had one ready-made and so they put their firing squads
to work in triple-shifts.

Cuban-American Scholar Dr. Armando Lago documents 1,168 firing squad
murders in the first few months of 1959. The Black Book of Communisms
estimates 14,000 by the end of the 60's.Vengeance – much less justice –
had nothing to do with this bloodbath. Che's murderous method in La
Cabana fortress in 1959 was exactly Stalin's murderous method in the
Katyn Forest in 1940. Like Stalin's massacre of the Polish officer corps
in the Katyn forest, like Stalin's Great Terror against his own officer
corps a few years earlier, Che's (Castro-ordered) firing squad marathons
were a perfectly rational and cold-blooded exercise that served their
purpose ideally. This bloodbath decapitated – literally and
figuratively--the first ranks of Cuba's Contras.

The victims were overwhelmingly military and police officers. Watching
how many of these refused blindfolds and yelled defiantly at their
murderers before the volley shattered their bodies show that the Cuban
Bolsheviks had been diligent in rounding up the right victims.

The Red Terror had come to Cuba.

Today Cuba's military is fat and happy -- has been for decades. They run
Cuba. The only thing properly describable as an "industry" in Cuba
(tourism) is run primarily by Cuba's generals. They also run the export
industries. If anyone craves "stability" in Cuba, it's these
high-rolling graduates of Cuba' Military Academy—but not just because of
fiduciary considerations.

Tito Rodriguez Oltmans, a former Cuban freedom-fighter and political
prisoner, watched many of these men, as young cadets, perform one of the
requisites for graduation from Cuba's military academy of the time.
"They were all armed with Belgian .308 caliber FALs as they lined up for
the firing squad," recalls Mr. Rodriguez, a prisoner in La Cabana prison
in the early 1960s. "Every evening the cadets would be bused in from the
Managua army base and the Mariel naval base near Havana. As darkness
fell the condemned patriot -- shirtless and gagged -- would be dragged
to the execution wall and bound. The cadets would line up only four
meters in front of the patriot and all had loaded weapons." ... FUEGO!

A brief aside: historically and almost universally, most members of a
firing squad shoot blanks, to assuage their conscience. But such
assuaging would contradict the Cuban firing squads' most vital purpose,
secretly named "El Compromiso Sangriento" (the Blood Covenant.) This
tried and true Soviet scheme was presented by Soviet GRU agent Angel
Ciutat to Che Guevara just weeks after he and Fidel entered Havana in
January 1959. The scene was a meeting at Che's palatial (and recently
stolen) estate in Tarara just west of Havana. Every candidate for
officer, suggested Ciutat, would take his place in a firing squad and
pull the trigger with live ammo.

In front of a genuine Soviet GRU agent, Che (who often signed his name
Stalin II) was undoubtedly smitten and instantly embraced the idea. So
let's see here: a policy suggested by a Soviet butcher and adopted by an
Argentine hobo for murdering Cuban patriots, instantly became government
policy in newly "nationalist" Cuba.

As recently documented by Cuban-American scholar Jose Azel, Cuba's
"Social media" is so tiny as to be essentially irrelevant. Cuba—a nation
with more phones and TVs per capita than most European countries in
1958--today has fewer internet connections per-capita than Uganda and
fewer cell phones than Papua New Guinea. The Stalinist regime is very
vigilant in these matters.

Castro's police state controls what its subjects, read, say, earn, eat
(both food and amount), where they live, travel or work. In the mid
1990's the Catholic Human Rights group Pax Christi headquartered in
Belgium, visited Cuba and (secretly) conducted a study on the status of
the neighborhood snitch committees known as CDR's. Castro, under East
German STASI tutelage, installed these in 1960, making a potential
regime spy out of half the population. Instilling the pervasive fear and
a mutual-suspicion society is essential to every communist dictatorship.

"Fear is the basic instrument of (Cuban) political control," concludes
the study. "There is one CDR for every 140 Cubans. The information at
the State Security's disposal can be used to threaten and intimidate
anybody. There is no place to escape the tentacles of the State. Most
ordinary Cubans reported that they remained intensely wary of CDR
surveillance, even while conversing in their own homes."

The CDRs also supervise the issuing of the monthly food ration cards to
all Castro's subjects. "Food is a weapon" famously snickered Stalin's
foreign minister, Maxim Litvinov during the Ukrainian Holocaust.

http://townhall.com/columnists/humbertofontova/2011/03/01/libya_is_no_cuba,_gadaffi_is_no_castro_or_che/page/full/

Cuba's Raul Castro admits mass lay-offs behind schedule

1 March 2011 Last updated at 10:33 GMT

Cuba's Raul Castro admits mass lay-offs behind schedule

Cuba's plans to lay off half a million state workers by the end of March
are behind schedule, President Raul Castro has acknowledged.

Mr Castro, quoted by state television, said the timetable for the cuts
would be altered to soften their impact.

The redundancies form part of plans to revive Cuba's struggling economy,
an issue due to be discussed at a rare Communist Party Congress in April.

The Cuban government currently employs about 85% of the official workforce.

President Castro, addressing a joint meeting of his cabinet and the
Council of State, said given the lay-offs were behind schedule, the
timeline would be adjusted, state television reported.

"A job of this magnitude which will affect so many citizens in one way
or another cannot be marked by inflexible timetables," the report quoted
him as saying.
Privileges

President Castro did not give a new target date for the planned
redundancies, saying only that the overhaul of the economy would take at
least five years.

He again insisted that the reforms would "leave nobody behind".

Last September, Mr Castro announced plans to lay off about a million
state employees - about a fifth of the workforce - with half the jobs
going by 31 March.

This would have been just three weeks before the first congress of the
ruling Communist Party in 14 years.

Thousands of committees have been set up across the island to decide
which jobs to eliminate and discuss the planned changes to the economy.
Eddy Cantallos attends to customers after receiving his new license to
sell goods in front of a home in the El Cerro neighbourhood in Havana in
January 2011 Thousands of Cubans have applied for licences to run their
own businesses

According to state TV, the economy minister, Marino Murillo, said some
seven million Cubans had taken part in a total of nearly 130,000 such
meetings.

But resistance among those supposed to implementing the cuts has clearly
had an effect.

BBC Mundo's Cuba correspondent Fernando Ravsberg says a major weakness
of the reforms is that those supposed to be implementing them have most
to lose in terms of economic interests and privileges.

As well as lay-offs, the Cuban government has been taking steps to ease
some restrictions on private enterprise, allowing Cubans to apply for
licences to run their own businesses, rent out rooms and in some case
hire workers.

President Castro has said that the reforms are vital to overhauling the
economy, which is burdened by debt and costly social programmes, as well
as the effects of the long-standing US trade embargo.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-12606044

WikiLeaks, Cuba dissidents in record Nobel field

March 1, 2011

WikiLeaks, Cuba dissidents in record Nobel field
Jury begins secretive process to select winner after record 241
nominations were submitted for 2011 Nobel Peace Prize

OSLO, Norway - A record 241 nominations were submitted for the 2011
Nobel Peace Prize and the Norwegian jury has now begun the secretive
process to select a winner, the panel's spokesman said Tuesday.

Russian human rights activist Svetlana Gannushkina, secret-spilling
organization WikiLeaks and Cuban dissidents are among the candidates who
have been publicly announced by those who nominated them.

The Norwegian Nobel Committee does not reveal the names of nominees and
doesn't discuss any candidates until the winner is announced in October.

Geir Lundestad, the permanent secretary of the committee, told The
Associated Press that 188 individuals and 53 organizations have been
nominated for the prestigious award.

"We have a record number of nominations this year, but there has been a
steady increase over time," he said. Last year the committee received
237 nominations.

The deadline for outside nominations was Feb. 1, but the five-member
committee added its own suggestions at a meeting Monday, said Lundestad,
who doesn't have voting rights.

"We have an active committee, which has added several proposals the last
years," he said.

Pundits have speculated that social media such as Facebook and Twitter,
which have been used to help organize dissent in countries with
oppressive governments, could be considered for the award, Reuters reported.

Imprisoned Chinese dissident Liu Xiaobo won the Nobel Peace Prize last
year for his nonviolent struggle for human rights in his homeland. The
award infuriated China, which accused the Nobel committee of honoring a
criminal.

Lundestad said the impact of the prize was exceptional.

"We have never before experienced that the prize has been discussed at
the highest level in governments around the world," he said.

The Nobel Prizes also include awards in medicine, physics, chemistry and
literature. A sixth award, the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics, was
created by Swedish central bank in 1968 in memory of prize founder
Alfred Nobel.

The prize amount has been fixed at 10 million Swedish kronor ($1.6
million) in recent years. Lundestad said the sum will probably be the
same this year, but no final decision has been taken. The Nobel Peace
Prize will likely be announced on Oct. 7, he said.

http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2011/03/01/501364/main20037707.shtml